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In North America, medical residency programs are offered primarily in the United States and Canada, with structured accreditation systems and centralized application processes. Application system: ERAS (Electronic Residency Application Service) → then matched through the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP), also known as “The Match.” Accreditation: All residency programs are accredited by the ACGME (Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education). Settings: University hospitals (e.g., Harvard, Johns Hopkins, Stanford, Mayo Clinic) Academic medical centers Community hospitals affiliated with universities Some military hospitals (through the U.S. military match) Examples of well-known U.S. residency programs: Massachusetts General Hospital (Harvard) Mayo Clinic (Minnesota, Arizona, Florida) Johns Hopkins Hospital (Baltimore) Cleveland Clinic (Ohio) UCSF Medical Center (California)